In the fields of wastewater treatment and water resource reuse, MBR, also known as Membrane Bio-Reactor, is a new water treatment technology that combines the activated sludge process with membrane separation technology. There are various types of membranes. According to the separation mechanism, they can be classified as reactive membranes, ion exchange membranes, osmosis membranes, etc.; based on the nature of the membrane, there are natural membranes (biomembranes) and synthetic membranes (organic membranes and inorganic membranes); according to the structural form of the membrane, there are flat type, tubular type, spiral type, and hollow fiber type, etc.
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